What Independence Actually Is (And What It Isn't)
The question itself contains the answer you're looking for, even if you don't see it yet. If you're asking whether you're too independent, you've already felt the tension , something in you wants connection but another part is certain you don't need it. That's not independence. That's conflict. Real independence doesn't require the self-questioning. A genuinely self-reliant person doesn't lie awake wondering if they've built walls by accident.
There are two different things happening when someone describes themselves as "too independent." The first is actual capacity , the ability to manage your own life, solve your own problems, know what you want. That's a strength. The second is a protective mechanism dressed up as strength. It's the habit of not asking for what you need. It's the comfort you feel in distance. It's the way your nervous system quiets down when someone pulls away. That's avoidance, and it's the framework John Bowlby used to understand attachment patterns back in the 1950s and 70s. He found that the way we learned to relate to caregivers in childhood doesn't disappear , it gets replayed in every significant relationship we form as adults.
The person asking "am I just independent or haven't I met the right person" is usually sitting in one of two places. Either they're anxiously attached and interpreting their own fear of abandonment as a preference for independence. Or they're avoidantly attached and interpreting their withdrawal as a sign that the relationship isn't right. Sometimes both, cycling between them.
How Attachment Styles Hide In Plain Sight
Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance are two different solutions to the same childhood problem: unpredictability or unavailability in the people who were supposed to be reliably there. Anxious attachment forms when someone had to work hard for attention, never quite knowing if they would get it. The nervous system learned to scan for rejection signals. Now, being alone feels dangerous. Independence looks like abandonment. The anxious person clings to relationships and interprets distance as proof they're not enough. They tell themselves they're looking for the right person because surely if they found someone who wouldn't leave, they'd stop feeling this way.
Avoidant attachment forms differently, often when caregivers were dismissive or when showing need was met with criticism or withdrawal. The nervous system learned that closeness is unreliable, so self-reliance became the survival strategy. Now, depending on anyone feels risky. Independence looks like safety. The avoidant person pushes people away and interprets closeness as suffocation. They tell themselves they're just independent because surely if they found someone who didn't need so much, they'd feel differently. Levine and Heller, in their work on the ECR model that Fraley developed, showed that these aren't character traits , they're patterns. The same person can move between them depending on how secure they feel in a relationship.
What makes self-diagnosis so hard is that both styles can feel identical from the inside. Both feel like "I just haven't met the right person yet." Both come with a sense of clarity about what you want. The difference is where that clarity actually comes from. With genuine independence, the clarity is about your own values and what works for your life. With protective independence, the clarity is about threat detection. It feels the same.
The Test That Matters
Pay attention to what happens when someone gets close enough to matter. Not the fantasy version of closeness. The actual, daily, boring closeness where someone knows your patterns and you have to show up for theirs.
If you're anxiously attached, you'll notice the intensity go up. More checking in. More sensitivity to whether they're distant. More spinning about what it means. You'll blame yourself for needing so much. You'll wonder if you should just be more independent so they don't leave. The self-diagnosis "I'm too independent" comes from shame about your own need.
If you're avoidantly attached, you'll notice the walls go up. More irritability at their needs. More certainty that they're too much. More reasons why this particular person isn't quite right, even if objectively they're meeting your stated criteria. You'll find yourself pulling back right when things could get deeper. The self-diagnosis "I just haven't met the right person" comes from the relief of distance.
The person who is actually just independent won't have this cycle. They'll be clear about what they want. They'll have space for someone else's needs without losing themselves. They'll move through conflict without questioning whether they're fundamentally broken. Independence without avoidance doesn't require explaining or defending.
Attachment researchers including Bowlby found that secure attachment exists too, and it's not rare , most people have the capacity for it even if they haven't developed it yet. Secure attachment means you know you can handle yourself and you also know you can ask for help. You want closeness but you don't need it to make you real. Distance doesn't feel like rejection and connection doesn't feel like loss of self. You notice when someone isn't right for you and you can act on it without spinning. It's possible to develop this even if you didn't start there.
What Changes The Pattern
You can't think yourself into a different attachment style. You also can't find the right person and expect it to fix what's been running your nervous system for years. What shifts attachment patterns is relational experience, specifically sustained experience with someone who is reliably present, who doesn't disappear when you need them and doesn't demand you disappear into them. That consistency rewires what your body expects from closeness.
But that only works if you can recognize the pattern well enough to name it. Without that map, the same decisions keep making sense right up until they don't. You'll find another person who isn't right and leave. Or you'll stay with someone who is right and slowly suffocate or gradually push them away. The pattern keeps running because it has never been named.
The first step is clarity about which one you're actually in. The My Values assessment surfaces your values and shows you where you are and aren't living them , including in relationships. From there, you can see whether the independence you're defending is something you want to keep or something that's keeping you from what you actually want.
What does it mean to be securely attached?
Secure attachment means you're comfortable with both closeness and independence. You can ask for what you need without fear of abandonment, and you can give your partner space without feeling rejected. You don't panic when there's conflict and you don't flee when someone gets close. You can see people clearly , strengths and limits , without distorting them into either saviors or threats.
Can attachment styles change, or am I stuck with the one I have?
Attachment styles are patterns, not fixed traits. Bowlby's research and later studies showed that consistent relational experience can shift how your nervous system expects to be treated. If you've been avoidant and then have a sustained relationship where someone stays present through conflict, your system can gradually learn safety. The same is true in reverse. It takes time and it requires enough awareness to not sabotage the new experience, but it's possible.
How do I know if I'm anxious or avoidant?
Notice what happens when someone pulls away. Do you panic and reach out more? That's anxiety. Do you feel relieved and pull back yourself? That's avoidance. Anxious attachment shows up as hypervigilance to rejection signals and intense focus on the relationship. Avoidant attachment shows up as discomfort with closeness, irritation at needs, and relief when someone distances.
Is it possible to be both anxious and avoidant at the same time?
Yes. Researchers like Fraley identified a pattern called fearful-avoidant attachment, where someone desperately wants closeness but is terrified of it. This usually develops when a caregiver was both the source of comfort and the source of fear. The person cycles between pursuing and withdrawing, sometimes within the same conversation.